Bringing Additive Manufacturing in house is a big step for any company, but when you are at the small end of the ‘SME’ spectrum, it can be an especially bold move. Robin Weston recently visited Atherton Bikes, based in rural west Wales, to see how this specialist bike producer is enjoying ramping up in-house production of its titanium and carbon fibre performance mountain bikes on a new, four-laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB) machine from Renishaw. [First published in Metal AM Vol. 8 No. 1, Spring 2022]
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The metal Additive Manufacturing landscape is filled with ambitious, well-funded startups, all promising a wealth of materials innovation and ambitious value propositions. In contrast to these newcomers, Höganäs AB has been a powerful force in the metal powder market for near eighty years, producing half a million tonnes of metal powder annually. Is there a role for such a titan of Powder Metallurgy in the brave new world of AM? Emily-Jo Hopson-VandenBos spoke to Kennet Almkvist, president, Höganäs Customization Technologies, about what the company brings to the table. [First published in Metal AM Vol. 8 No. 1, Spring 2022]
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A technical session in the programme of the virtual Euro PM2021 conference, organised by the European Powder Metallurgy Association (EPMA) and held October 18-22, 2021, focused on issues related to the processing of nickel-base alloys and refractory metals by Laser Beam Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB) Additive Manufacturing. Dr David Whittaker reviews four papers that address microstructure control, lattice optimisation and chemical post-processing parameters for IN718, and the AM of molybdenum. [First published in Metal AM Vol. 8 No. 1, Spring 2022]
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While Additive Manufacturing uses some powder characterisation methods similar to those used in conventional metal powder technologies, it is necessary to define additional properties critical for repeatable, reliable AM. ASTM International’s Dr Alexander Liu, Head of Additive Manufacturing Programs – Asia Region, Singapore, and Dr Rafi Khalid, Sr Lead, Additive Manufacturing Programs Development, Singapore, outline the key metal powder characteristics for AM and their significance, as well as discuss the industrial test methods and standards AM part makers rely on to maintain consistent quality. [First published in Metal AM Vol. 8 No. 1, Spring 2022]
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A collaborative study between Constellium SE, a global leader in aluminium materials headquartered in Paris, France, and a leading German AM research institute, has developed a new alloy which paves the way for cost-effective and high-performance AM components in series production. In this article, Constellium’s Dr Bechir Chehab and Syam Unnikrishnan present the company’s Aheadd® CP1 alloy, revealing cutting-edge productivity, very good mechanical properties, and the possibility to reduce Laser Beam Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-LB) processing costs by up to 65%. [First published in Metal AM Vol. 7 No. 1, Spring 2022]
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Designs not driven by requirements increase the risk of an incomplete solution. This relatively simple statement gets to the heart of how designers need to be approaching AM, particularly when balancing the ‘design freedoms’ offered by the technology with the reality of viable and profitable production. Through an exploration of the ubiquitous AM bottle opener, John Barnes, Jennifer Coyne and Chelsea Cummings, The Barnes Global Advisors, and Jon Meyer, APWorks, explore how, by focusing on requirements, a data-driven approach ensures fully functional designs that deliver on multiple requirements for the lowest cost. [First published in Metal AM Vol. 7 No. 1, Spring 2022]
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The history book of engineering is filled with concepts that failed to achieve success because they were ahead of their time. This was almost the case for the aerospike rocket engine, recognised in the 1950s as a strong concept and tested by NASA in the 1980s and 1990s, but found to demand too much of the manufacturing and materials technology available at the time. Metal AM magazine spoke with Pangea Aerospace and Aenium Engineering about reinventing the aerospike for the 21st century, and how Additive Manufacturing allowed them to ‘make the unmakeable’ – pushing their expertise in AM, materials science and Design for AM to its limits in the process. [First published in Metal AM Vol. 7 No. 1, Spring 2022]
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A technical session at the Euro PM2021 Virtual Congress, organised by the European Powder Metallurgy Association (EPMA) and held October 18–22, 2021, was devoted to the consideration of process developments and numerical simulation approaches for Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) Additive Manufacturing technologies. In this report, Dr David Whittaker reviews four of the papers presented on this topic, looking at process parameter optimisation, increasing quality for Ti6Al4V medical parts, techniques to improve the AM of hot-work tool steels, and powder spreading improvements for stainless steel. [First published in Metal AM Vol. 7 No. 4, Winter 2021]
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As metal Additive Manufacturing progresses toward more widespread industry penetration, the need for globally recognised and agreed upon standards increases. The day before Formnext 2021, key standards organisations and a cross-section of the Additive Manufacturing community attended the annual Standards Forum at Formnext. The forum’s programme illustrated the industry’s awareness of the need for standardisation and highlighted some of the challenges faced. Noah Mostow reports on the discussion on behalf of Metal AM magazine. [First published in Metal AM Vol. 7 No. 4, Winter 2021]
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They each have similar two-letter acronyms, and, for both technologies, it can be hard to separate hype from reality. But Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Additive Manufacturing also overlap in interesting and beneficial ways. In this article, Stephen Warde of Intellegens considers how AI methods such as Machine Learning (ML) could help AM to deliver against expectations – and at the very least, to meet more realistic and commercially essential objectives, such as consistently delivering lighter, stronger components and supporting on-demand manufacturing. [First published in Metal AM Vol. 7 No. 4, Winter 2021]
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The Czinger 21C hypercar is a ‘tour de force’ of metal Additive Manufacturing. With over 350 AM components used in the vehicle’s structure, suspension, brake systems, drivetrain and beyond, this is the realisation of the bold vision of Kevin Czinger, CEO of Divergent 3D. Behind the headlines about the car’s record-breaking performance, however, is a far more important story: the development of the Divergent Adaptive Production System (DAPS), a complete software/hardware solution designed to replace traditional vehicle manufacturing. Jeff Kerns reports for Metal AM magazine. [First published in Metal AM Vol. 7 No. 4, Winter 2021]
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After a one-year break, seventy industry and R&D participants from twelve countries found their way to the 2nd Workshop on Sinter Based Additive Manufacturing, Bremen, Germany, held from September 15–16, 2021. Industry suppliers, part producers, end users and researchers, as well as experts from the event organiser, Fraunhofer IFAM, considered the status of existing and new technologies in the field. Whilst metal Binder Jetting (BJT) received most attention, Material Extrusion (MEX) technologies were also covered in depth. Prof Dr-Ing. Frank Petzoldt and Dr Sebastian Hein report. [[First published in Metal AM Vol. 7 No. 4, Winter 2021]
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